Multiple overlapping crises are coming to a head in Iran’s domestic and foreign policies as Donald Trump prepares for his second Presidential term in the United States. Inside of Iran, a years-long economic crisis combined with broader social conflict has created immense pressures on Iranian society, with the state struggling to address them under its existing restraints. While inflation has hovered around 40% for years since the U.S. pulled out of the 2015 nuclear deal, leading to immense hardship on the lower and middle class in Iran with millions falling into poverty, inflation has once again spiked following the collapse of the Assad government. Now, Iran has set new records for the devaluation of its currency, worsening the economic struggle of ordinary citizens. Amid this hardship are other stressors, including hazardous air pollution in Iranian cities that has disrupted ordinary life, electricity blackouts, shortages of medicine and stresses on the nation’s limited water resources. Moreover, simmering anger rooted in the crackdown on the 2022 Woman, Life, Freedom protests has been papered over but not resolved. While increasing numbers of women routinely defy the mandatory hijab laws and enforcement that were the focus of popular protests, Iranian authorities have continued to